New Mexico Student Proficiency Dashboard

NM-MSSA Assessment Data & Analysis

Welcome

This dashboard brings together tools for understanding New Mexico student proficiency on the NM-MSSA. Choose a section below to get started.

Interactive tutorial explaining how to read NM-MSSA student growth trajectory charts

How to Read Growth Charts

This interactive tutorial walks you through the key concepts needed to interpret NM-MSSA student growth trajectory charts. Understanding these charts is essential for correctly reading the proficiency data in this dashboard.

Subgroups
The Long View: These charts track the Grade 4 class of 2022 as a longitudinal cohort, showing observed NM-MSSA scores (solid lines) alongside linear mixed-effects model projections (dashed lines). The horizontal line at 60 marks the proficiency threshold. Use the checkboxes above to compare subgroups.

Mathematics

G4 Class of 2022 — Observed & Projected Trajectories
Observed Projected Proficiency (60)

ELA — Reading

G4 Class of 2022 — Observed & Projected Trajectories
Observed Projected Proficiency (60)

Growth Model Parameters

Mathematics

SubgroupSlope (pts/yr)Projected Year
Statewide+0.61Not in K-12
Econ. Disadvantaged+0.58Not in K-12
English Learners+0.80Not in K-12
Students w/ Disabilities+1.80Not in K-12
Native American+0.95Not in K-12

ELA — Reading

SubgroupSlope (pts/yr)Projected Year
Statewide+1.04Not in K-12
Econ. Disadvantaged+1.12Not in K-12
English Learners+1.50Not in K-12
Students w/ Disabilities+1.40Not in K-12
Native American+1.90Not in K-12
Source: LFC analysis of NM PED NM-MSSA data, SY22–SY25. Projections use linear mixed-effects growth models.

Methodology

How the growth projections and proficiency transition visualizations in this dashboard were generated.

Data Source

All analyses use student-level results from the New Mexico Measures of Student Success and Achievement (NM-MSSA) for school years 2021–22 through 2024–25. Students were organized into longitudinal cohorts defined by their grade level and test year, allowing us to follow the same students across consecutive grades. Reading/language arts and math were analyzed separately throughout.

The dashboard features the Grade 4 cohort of 2022—students who were in 4th grade in SY22 and had reached 7th grade by SY25. This cohort was selected because it had four complete years of NM-MSSA scores and fell in the middle of the grade range over which the test is administered. The cohort includes 26,053 students in reading and 26,126 in math.

Growth Modeling Approach

All projections on the Proficiency Trajectories tab—statewide and subgroup alike—are generated using the same linear mixed-effects (LME) model, estimated in R using the lme4 package. This unified approach ensures that every group’s trajectory is modeled with the same statistical rigor, accounting for both group-level trends and individual student variation.

The model treats each student’s test scores as repeated observations over time. It estimates two things: an average starting score in 4th grade (the intercept) and an average change in score per year (the slope). Time is measured in grades and centered at Grade 4.

Score = β0 + β1 × (Grade − 4) + random student effects + error

The model allows each student to have their own starting score and growth rate (random effects), capturing the wide variation in individual trajectories around the group average. The projected lines on the Proficiency Trajectories tab extend each group’s estimated average growth rate forward from the model intercept.

Model Parameters by Group

The table below shows the estimated average growth rate (slope) for each student group, along with the standard error of that estimate. The “Projected Year” column indicates when the group is projected to reach the proficiency benchmark of 60, based on its current trajectory. Groups that are not projected to reach proficiency before the cohort’s expected high school graduation in 2031 are marked “Not in K-12.”

SubgroupMathematicsReading
Slope (SE)Proj. YearSlope (SE)Proj. Year
Statewide+0.61 (0.04)Not in K-12+1.04 (0.04)Not in K-12
Econ. Disadvantaged+0.58 (0.06)Not in K-12+1.12 (0.06)Not in K-12
English Learners+0.80 (0.09)Not in K-12+1.50 (0.09)Not in K-12
Students w/ Disabilities+1.80 (0.10)Not in K-12+1.40 (0.11)Not in K-12
Native American+0.95 (0.13)Not in K-12+1.90 (0.13)Not in K-12

Time to proficiency is calculated as:

Years to Proficiency = (60 − model intercept) ÷ average growth rate

No student group—statewide or subgroup—is projected to reach the proficiency benchmark before the cohort graduates high school in 2031 in either subject. In math, even the fastest-growing group (Students w/ Disabilities at +1.80 pts/yr) would not reach 60 until approximately 2038. In reading, the closest groups (Statewide and Native American) fall just short, reaching proficiency around 2032.

Understanding Growth Rate Uncertainty

The growth rate for each subgroup is an average—a single number summarizing thousands of individual student trajectories. But how confident should we be in that average, and how much do individual students vary around it? The charts below answer both questions.

Each chart shows two layers of uncertainty for every subgroup:

Dark bars (Average Growth 95% CI): This is the confidence interval around the group’s estimated average growth rate. It tells you how precisely the model has estimated the group average. A narrow interval means the model is quite confident in the average; a wider one means less precision. If we repeated this study with a new sample of students, we’d expect the true average to fall within this range 95% of the time.

Light bars (Individual Student 95% Range): This is the spread of individual student growth rates—where roughly 95% of students in the group actually fall. This range is always much wider than the confidence interval, because students vary enormously. Some grow several points per year; others decline. The projection line on the Proficiency Trajectories tab represents the group average, not a guaranteed path for any one student.

Key takeaway: We can pin down each group’s average growth rate with reasonable precision (narrow dark bars), but individual students within every group range from significant annual declines to strong annual gains (wide transparent bars). Each subgroup is color-coded to match the Proficiency Trajectories tab. The negative end of the student range means some students are losing ground each year.

Mathematics: Growth Rate Estimates

Reading: Growth Rate Estimates

Statewide Econ. Disadvantaged English Learners Students w/ Disabilities Native American
Average Growth 95% CI (dark bar) Individual Student 95% Range (light bar) Zero growth (flat line)

Proficiency Transitions (Chi-Square Visualizations)

The Proficiency Transitions tab shows how individual students moved between proficiency categories from SY24 to SY25. Each student is classified into one of four groups: Stayed Proficient, Improved to Proficient, Declined to Not Proficient, or Stayed Not Proficient. The treemap visualizations display these transitions aggregated across grades 4–8, broken out by district/charter, ELL status, disability status, and free/reduced lunch eligibility.

Schools with fewer than 10 total students in the data are masked entirely to protect student privacy, and individual cell values below 10 are suppressed in tooltips.

Limitations

Projections are rough indications, not precise forecasts. The models assume growth remains constant and linear over time, which is unlikely. National research shows students tend to grow faster in elementary school and plateau in middle school, particularly in math. The 23-year math projection for statewide students, for example, extends far beyond the four observed data points and should be interpreted with caution.

Additional caveats to keep in mind:

Scale score comparability. The NM-MSSA technical report does not establish a vertical scale across grades, meaning a one-point gain may not represent the same amount of learning in 4th grade as in 7th grade. Growth rates estimated across grades should be treated as approximations.

Measurement error. Scale scores carry a margin of error of 2–3 points, and a student’s performance level can shift from year to year due to factors beyond academic growth.

Four observed years. All models are fitted to just four years of NM-MSSA data (SY22–SY25). While the mixed-effects approach uses individual student trajectories, the projections still extrapolate from a short observation window and should be treated as trend indicators rather than forecasts.

Triangulation. NM-MSSA results should be considered alongside other evidence of student learning, not used in isolation.

Source: Adapted from LFC, Instructional Time and Extended Learning Opportunities in Public Schools, Appendix B. Full methodology available in the published report.
Dataset
District / Charter
Group
Grades
Sum of all students entering 4th through 8th in school year 2024–2025.
How to read this page: The tutorial explained that on the NM-MSSA, students need to show more than a year of growth to close the gap to proficiency. These treemaps show what actually happened between SY24 and SY25: how many students crossed the proficiency threshold (score of 60) in each direction. "Improved to Proficient" are students making the kind of accelerated progress shown in the upward trajectory lines on the Proficiency Data tab. "Declined to Not Proficient" are students whose growth fell short — the downward lines. Use the dataset selector above to explore how these transitions differ across districts and student subgroups.

Math

Reading

Source: LFC analysis of PED proficiency data.